Source of Originator


  A “source” in the broadest sense of a starting point/condition.
Contrasts with [ss Recipient] if there is transfer/communication.

English construals:[^1]

- [ss Originator--Agent] (passive-[p en/by] or adnominal [p en/by]):
	- [ex 001 "works [p en/by Originator--Agent] Shakespeare [cf. [exref 004 Originator], [exref 008 Originator]]"]

	- [ex 002 "The telephone was invented [p en/by Originator--Agent] Alexander Graham Bell."]

	- [ex 003 "The story was <u>given</u>/<u>told</u> to<sub>[ss Recipient--Goal]</sub> her [p en/by Originator--Agent] her editor."]

- [ss Originator--Source]:
	- [ex 004 "works [p en/of Originator--Source] Shakespeare [cf. [exref 001 Originator], [exref 008 Originator]]"]

	- [ex 005 "The story was obtained [p en/from Originator--Source] an anonymous White House employee."]

	- [ex 006 "I bought it [p en/from Originator--Source] this company."]

	- [ex 007 "I heard the news [p en/from Originator--Source] Larry."]

- [ss Originator--Gestalt]:
	- [ex 008 "Shakespeare[p en/'s Originator--Gestalt] works [cf. [exref 004 Originator], [exref 001 Originator]]"]

	- [ex 009 "Rodin[p en/'s Originator--Gestalt] sculptures"]

	<!-- - [ex 010 "the store[p en/'s Originator--Gestalt] fresh produce"] -->

	- [ex 011 "the restaurant[p en/'s Originator--Gestalt] food"]

	- [ex 012 "John[p en/'s Originator--Gestalt] <u>question</u>/<u>speech</u>"]

## *learn from*

If the source of learning is an individual (or group of individuals, organization, etc.) who provides information, [ss Originator--Source] applies. Otherwise, it is simply [ss Source]:

- [ex 013 "We learned a lot [p en/from Originator--Source] Miss Zarves. ([ss Originator--Source])"]

- [ex 014 "We learned a lot [p en/from Source] that <u>book</u>/<u>experience</u>. ([ss Source])"]

<!--
[ss Originator] merges v1 labels <i>Donor/Speaker</i> and <i>Creator</i>, which were difficult to distinguish in the case of authorship.
<i>Donor/Speaker</i> was a subtype of <i>InitialLocation</i>, which inherited from <i>Location</i> and [ss Source].
<i>Creator</i> was a subtype of [ss Agent].
Moving [ss Originator] directly under [ss Participant] puts it in a neutral position with respect to its possible construals.
-->

[^1]: If we consider subject position as an [ss Agent] construal and direct object position as a [ss Theme] construal ([Shalev et al., 2019](/bib/shalev_et_al_2019/); see also [Ancillary fn. 3](/Ancillary#fn:3), [Recipient fn. 1](/Recipient#fn:1)), then we can add examples like _**She** talked to her editor_ ([ss Originator--Agent]) and _They robbed **her** of her life savings_ ([ss Originator--Theme]). [ss Originator] does not apply to the subject of events like _exchange_ or _talk/chat (with)_, which involve a back-and-forth between multiple [ss Agent]s.